Thousands of lives lost to bladder cancers each year could be saved thanks to a new scanner that uses photonics to illuminate parts of the tissue that are currently impossible to visualise.
A European photonics research team is developing a new endoscope to scan for the early signs of bladder cancer.
Using multi-wavelength lasers, the scanner will provide instant, non-invasive, precise and detailed information to determine what stage and grade that a tumour has reached and provide early diagnosis.
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Bladder cancer (BLC) is the sixth most commonly occurring cancer in men and the 17th most commonly occurring cancer in women. According to the World Cancer Research fund, there were nearly 550,000 new cases of bladder cancer worldwide in 2018.
Cancers that form in the bladder are difficult to spot in their early stages and are often missed when using white light.
At present, clinicians struggle to create accurate, detailed images inside the bladder because light cannot penetrate deep into the tissue – leading to blurred or dark images.
Currently, tests for bladder cancer involve urinalysis (a check for blood in the urine), urine cytology (using a microscope to search for cancer cells in urine), or urine tests for tumour markers (a test to see if a patient has chromosome changes that are often seen in bladder cancer cells or higher levels of a protein called NMP22).
While all of these tests can find cancerous cells in the urine, they do not catch the disease in its early stages and sometimes the tests can miss biomarkers altogether.
AMPLITUDE
But thanks to a team of European scientists, a new system that uses multi-wavelength lasers will soon be able to create an image from deep inside the tissue to give a quick and accurate diagnosis of the presence of a tumour, as well as its stage and grade.
The project, called AMPLITUDE, is combining medical and physics expertise to develop a new multi-modal imaging system complete with an endoscopic probe that delivers an instant diagnosis in a clinical setting.
Project coordinator, Dr Regina Gumenyuk said: "A societal challenge for the next few decades is the instant diagnosis of major diseases.
"Photonics provides excellent opportunities to give healthcare professionals advanced, non-invasive diagnostics that detect symptoms and diseases at an early stage.
"The multimodal imaging approach in AMPLITUDE is based on three modalities, which together will provide precise and detailed information necessary to determine the tumour stage and grade.
